Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 4, No 2, JUNE, 2001
CONTENTS
71
D. Dimitrov, I. Borissov and L. Lazarova
Histological studies on experimentally replanted teeth in dogs77
A. Haritova, D. Pashov and D. Bakalov
Pharmacokinetics of amikacin and ampicillin in dogs following single administration and co-administration with flunixin meglumine in dogs87
G. Bozhkova, P. Andreeva and Y. Petkov
Drug sensitivity of microbial agents isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis to some antibiotics93
D. Dinev, G. Simeonova, H. Hubenov, A. Vachkov, B. Aminkov and D. Dimov
Feline urologic syndrome (FUS). I. Aetiological role of nutrition and bacterial infection103
115
L. Georgiev, A. Pavlov and D. Dinkov
Studies upon the composition of kangaroo meat119
127
honorabiles
Prof. dr. honoris causa R. Leiser
Prof. dr. R. Gahniyan
Published by the Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 4, Number 2, June 2001, Summaries
Dimitrov, D., I. Borissov and L. Lazarova, 2001. Histological studies on experimentally replanted teeth in dogs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No. 2, 71-76.
The studies were performed on 8 dogs, 4 of each gender, weighing 12-16 kg, aged 2-4 years. They were divided into two groups – control (intact animals) and experimental (with dental replantation). The latter were submitted to a dental intervention consisting in reproduction of dental avulsion following anaesthesia, endodonthic treatment, apical dentotomy, tooth replantation and fixation with orthodontic splint, a figure-of-eight wire ligature and photopolymer. The histological studies were performed in experimental dogs at days 60, 90 and 120 following replantation. Parallel studies were performed in the control group as well. Each histological sample included a complex of the replant with the neighboring two teeth together with the adjacent solid and soft tissues (gingiva and bone alveolus with the adjacent area of the jaw bone). Total paraffin cross-sections with a thickness up to 10 mm including all elements of the bioptate were made. Permanent histological preparations were obtained following staining with hematoxylin (Erlich)-eosin and hematoxylin-hydrochloric acid.
The light microscopic study of samples from the control group as well as of samples from teeth, adjacent to the replant in experimental groups, did not reveal any changes in the dental histostructure and that of neighboring elements. The histological follow-up of replantation showed that it was similar to bone grafts and occurred as a mixed type of healing in the various parts of the tooth – periodontal–fibrous, cement-bone or both types of healing.
Key words: avulsio dentis, dogs, histostructure, tooth replantation
Haritova, A., 2001. Influence of anti-inflammatory drugs on the pharmacokinetics of some antibiotics in rabbits. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 3, 77-86.
The effects of metamizole and dexamethasone on the pharmacokinetics of ampicillin, oleandomycin and enrofloxacin, administrered intravenously (iv) in rabbits have been studied.
After a single iv administration of ampicillin to rabbits, the apparent volume of distribution, the total body clearance and the elimination phase half-life time were 2.05±0.29 l/kg, 27.7±2.01 ml/kg.min and 0.85±0.01 h, respectively. For oleandomycin, those parameters were 5.45±1.34 l/kg, 22.45±3.48 ml/kg.min and 3.74±0.80 h, while for enrofloxacin - 3.26±0.16 l/kg, 17.55±0.74 ml/kg.min and 2.15±0.11 h.
After an intramuscular (im) pre-treatment with metamizole, significant changes occurred: decrease in the apparent volume of distribution (amounting to 1.32±0.16 l/kg) and in the total body clearance (21.81±2.09 ml/kg.min) in rabbits injected with ampicillin; increase in the total body clearance (28.72±3.13 ml/kg.min) in animals treated with oleandomycin and increase in the elimination phase half-life time (0.122±0.02 h) when enrofloxacin was administered.
Under the influence of dexamethasone (im) the following significant changes were established: increase in the elimination phase half-life time (1.47±0.26 h) and in the apparent volume of distribution (3.47±0.35 l/kg) when ampicillin was co-administered and increase in the elimination phase half-life time (0.33±0.13 h) and decrease in the total body clearance (12.55±0.68 ml/kg.min) after enrofloxacin co-administration.
Key words: antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, drug interactions, pharmacokinetics, rabbits
Bozhkova, G., P. Andreeva and Y. Petkov, 2001. Drug sensitivity of microbial agents isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis to some antibiotics. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 2, 87–92.
Pathogenic microbial strains, isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis were shown to have a various sensitivity to some antibiotics.
The combined in vitro application of gentamicin and lincomycin resulted in relatively low fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexes in a part of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae strains, evidencing the presence of a synergic effect.
S. aureus, Streptococcus epidermidis, S. dysgalactiae, S. uberis and Escherichia coli were sensitive to gentamicin (90.4-100%), streptomycin (66.6-100%), lincomycin (100%; 33.3% for E.coli), ampicillin (33.3-100%); penicillin (16.1-100%). S. agalactiae and Actinomyces pyogenes strains were shown to be fully sensitive to gentamicin and lincomycin (100%).
Key words: antibiotics, cows, drug interaction, mastitis, minimum inhibitory concentrations, synergy
Dinev, D., G. Simeonova, H. Hubenov, A. Vachkov, B. Aminkov and D. Dimov, 2001. Feline urologic syndrome (FUS). I. Aetiological role of nutrition and bacterial infection. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 2, 93–102.
The present study was conducted on 46 male intact (uncastrated) cats with clinical signs of FUS (disuria, haematuria and urethral obstruction) admitted in the Surgical Clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine during the period 1998-2000.
The patient charts yielded information about the following items: breed, age, body weight; recurrence of episodes of symptoms; duration of the last epidose, type of treatment, feeding pattern, brand of the food, duration of feeding with a particular brand, intervals of feeding and water regimen.
Intraoperatively, urine samples were collected (via incision of the urethra before the site of obstruction and after catheterization of the urinary bladder). Immediately after collection, biochemical (pH, protein, glucose, urobilinogen, ketone bodies, blood, specific gravity), microscopical (crystals, red blood cells - RBC, white blood cells - WBC, desquamated epithelial cells), microbiological and parasitological analyses have been performed.
On the basis of obtained data we concluded that the most commonly affected cats were between 3-6 years old, weighing 3-5 kg without a breed predisposition. The primary cause for the development of an obstructive form of FUS was the formation of sterile urinary calculi as a result of feeding dry foods rich in magnesium, phosphorus and proteins and an insufficient water intake. Thus, predominantly strivute uroliths and more rarely, urate and oxalate uroliths were formed. The bacterial infection of the lower urinary tract developed more frequently secondarily. The detected microflora (Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Staphylococcus spp.) was inherent for the urinary tract.
Key words: cats, FUS, FLUTD, struvite, uroliths
Binev, R., 2001. Clinical and experimental studies on acute intoxication with the triazole fungicide diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP) in rabbits. I. Clinical and haematological studies. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 2, 103–114.
Experiments for evaluation of the toxic effect of the triazole fungicide diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP) on rabbits were carried out through following up the changes in the clinical status (body temperature, heart and respiratory rates) and some haematological indices (haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell counts, total and differential white blood cell counts and erythrocyte sedimentation rates). The studies were performed upon one control and three experimental groups, treated orally via a gastic tube with increasing doses of the preparation (0.1LD50, 0.5LD50 and LD50 - oral doses for rats) .
All animals were clinically examined and blood for analysis was sampled at hours - 48, - 24 and 0 prior to the treatment and hours 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 after the treatment.
It was found out that the tested triazole fungicide exerted a toxic effect manifested by hypothermia, tachycardia, polypnea, oligochromemia, erythropenia, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia and slower erythrocyte sedimentation rates.Those changes were the most expressed between post treatment hours 2 and 24 and afterwards the values returned to initial values.
Key words: triazole fungicide, diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP), rabbits, clinical and haematological parameters
Georgiev, L., A. Pavlov and D. Dinkov, 2001. Studies upon the composition of kangaroo meat. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 2, 115–118.
The studies were performed on 8 samples of fillets and boneless leg kangaroo meat. It was found out that the kangaroo fillet contained 19.03% protein, 0.65% fat and 0.99% minerals while the boneless leg – 20.5% protein, 0.53% fat and 0.98% minerals. The kangaroo filet is an important source of K, P, Mg, Zn, Ca and Mn while the boneless leg – of Na, Fe and Cu. The content of 17 amino acids in kangaroo meat (fillet and boneless leg) was also determined.
Key words: kangaroo meat, mineral composition, amino acids
Dinev, I., 2001. Clinical and morphological studies on spontaneous myelocytomatosis in layer-hens associated with other neoplasms. VI. Pathomorphological studies on an unusually high incidence of an uncommon ovarial neoplasm – granulosa-theca cell tumour. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 4, No 2, 119–126.
The results of pathomorphological studies in an ovarial neoplasm, rarely encountered in birds – granulosa-theca cell tumour with an unusually high incidence (over 11%) are presented.
The neoplasms were associated with an enzootic myelocytomatosis (MC) in a herd of 1620 layer hens aged between 7-15 months. The clinical and morphological manifestations of the enzooty were those of leukosis lesions (in 38.4% of the birds), of leukosis lesions and other non-leukosis neoplasms (in 35.6% of the birds) and of non-leukosis neoplasms without myelocytomatosis in 26%.
The ovarial neoplasms, observed by us, were encountered simultaneously with MC lesions in 50% of hens, while the other half of the birds had no leukosis lesions.
Histologically, in half of the observed tumours, a various degree of luteinization was present. One neoplasm had liver metastases. Moreover, in 50% of cases the granulosa-theca cell tumours were accompanied by a different neoplastic type of a mesenchymal as well as of an epithelial origin.
Key words: avian leukosis, avian leukosis viruses, birds, granulosa-theca cell tumour, myelocytomatosis, neoplasms